City Know-hows

Understanding playgrounds for inclusive and dynamic urban experiences

Children painting in the square in San Giacomo dell Orio. Credit: J.A. Lara-Hernandez (Mews, Lara-Hernandez and Sbarra, 2024).

This study explores how urban playground design can either segregate or integrate children within the broader city fabric. By comparing Venice and Auckland, we illustrate how playgrounds in Venice encourage unstructured exploration, while those in Auckland limit engagement to isolated, structured zones. We propose strategies for urban design that foster inclusive and dynamic public spaces for children.

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Target audience

Architects, urban planners, and designers; Policymakers and decision-makers; Advocacy groups for child-friendly cities

The problem

Urban playgrounds are often designed to overemphasise safety, inadvertently creating spatial segregation. This limits children’s opportunities for exploration, temporary appropriation of spaces, and engagement with the socio-cultural dynamics of the city.

What we did and why

In our research, we compared playgrounds and public spaces in two distinct urban contexts,Venice and Auckland, to understand how design affects children’s interactions with their environments. Using the concept of temporary appropriation, the study highlights the importance of unstructured spaces in fostering children’s social and cognitive development.

Our study’s contribution

The findings advocate for hybrid playground designs that balance safety with exploration.

  • In Venice, integrated public spaces enable diverse and spontaneous interactions, promoting inclusivity and resilience.
  • In Auckland, fenced and structured playgrounds isolate children from the dynamic urban realm, reducing engagement opportunities.

Impacts for city policy and practice

Based on our study, we recommend that cities need to:

  • Create hybrid playgrounds that integrate structured and unstructured elements within urban environments.
  • Incorporate inclusive design principles to ensure access for children across diverse socio-economic contexts.
  • Use participatory planning processes to involve children in the design of public spaces that reflect their needs and aspirations.

Further information

Full research article:

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